[GCP工具集] 省钱小工具：自动启动抢占型机器

前言

GCP的抢占型(preemptible)机器就类似与AWS的Spot Instance（竞价型机器）。同样的配置，抢占型机器机器能便宜差不多1/3!

但是有一个物理限制：每次开机最长24小时就会被关机。

因此，如果我们有一个小工具能监控这些机器，并且自动启动，岂不美哉？

方式1：使用实例组( Instance Group Manager )

原理：在创建实例组的时候设置实例数下限。比如可以设置成1. 当这个实例被关闭之后，实例组会将其删除并重新创建。

操作步骤：(因为不是重点， 在此简单写写)

1. 创建实例模板 . 这一步就按照正常的要求创建就好了。

   补充： 如何使用当前实例作为模板?

   回答：先把当前实例做成一个快照(snapshot), 在创建模板的时候， 设置使用相应的快照来创建即可

2. 创建实例组。

   看了一下相关设定， 正常设置即可。

方式2：自建监控+启动的Python脚本

1. 安装相应的类库

   pip install -U google-api-python-client

2. 准备credentials文件

   

3. 在你的定时调度任务调用下面的python script

   def start_instance_if_stopped(name=None, ip=None): """ 如果目标机器（name or ip）关闭了，将其启动 :param name: :param ip: :return: """ credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file( 'your-service-account-file.json', ) compute = googleapiclient.discovery.build(serviceName='compute', version='v1', credentials=credentials) project = "your-project-id" avaiable_zones = ["us-east4-c", "us-east4-a", "us-east4-b"] for zone in avaiable_zones: result = compute.instances().list(project=project, zone=zone).execute() instances = result['items'] if 'items' in result else [] for instance in instances: cur_name = instance['name'] cur_ip = instance['networkInterfaces'][0]['networkIP'] status = instance['status'] if (name == cur_name or ip == cur_ip) and status != "RUNNING": print("##################", instance) compute.instances().start(project=project, zone=zone, instance=cur_name).execute() # TODO:可以参考这个实现，等待操作完成 https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/blob/master/compute/api/create_instance.py#L128 break

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   def start_instance_if_stopped(name=None, ip=None):    """    如果目标机器（name or ip）关闭了，将其启动    :param name:    :param ip:    :return:    """    credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(        'your-service-account-file.json',    )    compute = googleapiclient.discovery.build(serviceName='compute', version='v1', credentials=credentials)    project = "your-project-id"      avaiable_zones = ["us-east4-c", "us-east4-a", "us-east4-b"]      for zone in avaiable_zones:        result = compute.instances().list(project=project, zone=zone).execute()        instances = result['items'] if 'items' in result else []          for instance in instances:            cur_name = instance['name']            cur_ip = instance['networkInterfaces'][0]['networkIP']            status = instance['status']            if (name == cur_name or ip == cur_ip) and status != "RUNNING":                print("##################", instance)                compute.instances().start(project=project, zone=zone, instance=cur_name).execute()                # TODO:可以参考这个实现，等待操作完成 https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/blob/master/compute/api/create_instance.py#L128                break

   注意：在GCP之中， 没有直接列出所有Zone的instance的方法。 zone必须指定。因此如果你的机器在多个zone， 要么简单粗暴直接hardcode, 要么通过下面的参考脚本列出所有的zone

   参考：https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/zones/list

   from pprint import pprint from googleapiclient import discovery # 注意：下面这个方式我没有试用成功，credentials的使用方法可以参考上面的脚本 from oauth2client.client import GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.get_application_default() service = discovery.build('compute', 'v1', credentials=credentials) # Project ID for this request. project = 'my-project' # TODO: Update placeholder value. request = service.zones().list(project=project) while request is not None: response = request.execute() for zone in response['items']: # TODO: Change code below to process each `zone` resource: pprint(zone) request = service.zones().list_next(previous_request=request, previous_response=response)

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   from pprint import pprint   from googleapiclient import discovery # 注意：下面这个方式我没有试用成功，credentials的使用方法可以参考上面的脚本 from oauth2client.client import GoogleCredentials   credentials = GoogleCredentials.get_application_default()   service = discovery.build('compute', 'v1', credentials=credentials)   # Project ID for this request. project = 'my-project'  # TODO: Update placeholder value.   request = service.zones().list(project=project) while request is not None:    response = request.execute()      for zone in response['items']:        # TODO: Change code below to process each `zone` resource:        pprint(zone)      request = service.zones().list_next(previous_request=request, previous_response=response)